Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 34 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=\frac {5 x}{4}+\frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}-\frac {5 \arctan (x)}{8}-\frac {5 \text {arctanh}(x)}{8} \]
[Out]
Time = 0.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 34, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.375, Rules used = {28, 294, 327, 218, 212, 209} \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=-\frac {5 \arctan (x)}{8}-\frac {5 \text {arctanh}(x)}{8}+\frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}+\frac {5 x}{4} \]
[In]
[Out]
Rule 28
Rule 209
Rule 212
Rule 218
Rule 294
Rule 327
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \frac {x^8}{\left (-1+x^4\right )^2} \, dx \\ & = \frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}+\frac {5}{4} \int \frac {x^4}{-1+x^4} \, dx \\ & = \frac {5 x}{4}+\frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}+\frac {5}{4} \int \frac {1}{-1+x^4} \, dx \\ & = \frac {5 x}{4}+\frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}-\frac {5}{8} \int \frac {1}{1-x^2} \, dx-\frac {5}{8} \int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx \\ & = \frac {5 x}{4}+\frac {x^5}{4 \left (1-x^4\right )}-\frac {5}{8} \tan ^{-1}(x)-\frac {5}{8} \tanh ^{-1}(x) \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 38, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.12 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=x-\frac {x}{4 \left (-1+x^4\right )}-\frac {5 \arctan (x)}{8}+\frac {5}{16} \log (1-x)-\frac {5}{16} \log (1+x) \]
[In]
[Out]
Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 29, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.85
method | result | size |
risch | \(x -\frac {x}{4 \left (x^{4}-1\right )}+\frac {5 \ln \left (x -1\right )}{16}-\frac {5 \arctan \left (x \right )}{8}-\frac {5 \ln \left (x +1\right )}{16}\) | \(29\) |
default | \(x -\frac {1}{16 \left (x +1\right )}-\frac {5 \ln \left (x +1\right )}{16}+\frac {x}{8 x^{2}+8}-\frac {5 \arctan \left (x \right )}{8}-\frac {1}{16 \left (x -1\right )}+\frac {5 \ln \left (x -1\right )}{16}\) | \(43\) |
parallelrisch | \(\frac {5 i \ln \left (x -i\right ) x^{4}-5 i \ln \left (x +i\right ) x^{4}+5 \ln \left (x -1\right ) x^{4}-5 \ln \left (x +1\right ) x^{4}+16 x^{5}-5 i \ln \left (x -i\right )+5 i \ln \left (x +i\right )-5 \ln \left (x -1\right )+5 \ln \left (x +1\right )-20 x}{16 x^{4}-16}\) | \(87\) |
[In]
[Out]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 49 vs. \(2 (24) = 48\).
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 49, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.44 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=\frac {16 \, x^{5} - 10 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )} \arctan \left (x\right ) - 5 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )} \log \left (x + 1\right ) + 5 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )} \log \left (x - 1\right ) - 20 \, x}{16 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}} \]
[In]
[Out]
Time = 0.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 32, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.94 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=x - \frac {x}{4 x^{4} - 4} + \frac {5 \log {\left (x - 1 \right )}}{16} - \frac {5 \log {\left (x + 1 \right )}}{16} - \frac {5 \operatorname {atan}{\left (x \right )}}{8} \]
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 28, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.82 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=x - \frac {x}{4 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}} - \frac {5}{8} \, \arctan \left (x\right ) - \frac {5}{16} \, \log \left (x + 1\right ) + \frac {5}{16} \, \log \left (x - 1\right ) \]
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 30, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=x - \frac {x}{4 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}} - \frac {5}{8} \, \arctan \left (x\right ) - \frac {5}{16} \, \log \left ({\left | x + 1 \right |}\right ) + \frac {5}{16} \, \log \left ({\left | x - 1 \right |}\right ) \]
[In]
[Out]
Time = 8.37 (sec) , antiderivative size = 26, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.76 \[ \int \frac {x^8}{1-2 x^4+x^8} \, dx=x-\frac {5\,\mathrm {atan}\left (x\right )}{8}-\frac {x}{4\,\left (x^4-1\right )}+\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (x\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,5{}\mathrm {i}}{8} \]
[In]
[Out]